India’s Constitution of 1949 with Amendments through 2016

Judicial Independence

 
Article 50. Separation of judiciary from executive. The State shall take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State.
 

Judicial Council or Parallel Institution

 
Article 124B. It shall be the duty of the National Judicial Appointments Commission to: a. recommend persons for appointment as Chief Justice of India, Judges of the Supreme Court, Chief Justices of High Courts and other Judges of High Courts; b. recommend transfer of Chief Justices and other Judges of High Courts from one High Court to any other High Court; and c. ensure that the person recommended is of ability and integrity.
 
Article 127. Appointment of ad hoc Judges. 1. If at any time there should not be a quorum of the Judges of the Supreme Court available to hold or continue any session of the Court, the National Judicial Appointments Commission on a reference made to it by the Chief Justice of India, may with the previous consent of the President and after consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court concerned, request in writing the attendance at the sittings of the Court, as an ad hoc Judge, for such period as may be necessary, of a Judge of a High Court duly qualified for appointment as a Judge of the Supreme Court to be designated by the Chief Justice of India 2. It shall be the duty of the Judge who has been so designated, in priority to other duties of his office to attend the sittings of the Supreme Court at the time and for the period for which his attendance is required, and while so attending he shall have all the jurisdiction, powers and privileges, and shall discharge the duties, of a Judge of the Supreme Court.
 

Attorney General Office

 
Article 76. 1.The President shall appoint a person who is qualified to be appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court to be Attorney-General for India.2.It shall be the duty of the Attorney-General to give advice to the Government of India upon such legal matters, and to perform such other duties of a legal character, as may from time to time be referred or assigned to him by the President, and to discharge the functions conferred on him by or under this Constitution or any other law for the time being in force.3.In the performance of his duties the Attorney-General shall have right of audience in all courts in the territory of India. The Attorney-General shall hold office during the pleasure of the President and shall receive such remuneration as the President may determine.